What is Tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection. It is also called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is transmitted in person through the inhaling of tiny droplets from the cough and sneeze of an infected person. Usually, it can affect any part of the body but it mainly affects the lungs.

It becomes severe, but it can be cured if it is treated properly.

What are the Symptoms of Tuberculosis? 

There are the following symptoms of Tuberculosis. These symptoms can be experienced, by an infected person. 

weight can be lost.

• can be experienced too much sweat at night.
• cough can occur for more than three weeks, and it may be bloody.
• the temperature of the body can be high.
• feeling tired and fatigued. 
• can be loss of appetite.
• swelling occurred in the neck.

What are the causes of Tuberculosis?

As know that Tuberculosis is a bacterial infection. So it can be transmitted from infected person to person.

• In healthy people, their immune system can destroy this bacteria and can save them from this infection. But those people who have a weak immune system that doesn't kill the bacteria, but doesn't allow it to spread in the body. In that condition, the person has no symptoms of tuberculosis but these bacteria remain in his body. And it is known as latent TB. And these types of people cannot transmit this infection to others.
• But if the person's immune system fails to kill and prevent the infection. Then this infection can be spread in the whole body and its symptoms can be shown within a few weeks and months. This condition of the person is called active TB.
• can be caused due to close contact with the infected person.
• living in a place where tuberculosis is spread highly.
• having any disease such as diabetes that weakens the immune system.
• may occur due to poor diet and health.
• can be caused due to alcohol and drugs.

What are Preventions of Tuberculosis?

There are some preventions which can be useful for the person to stay safe from it.

• Don't have close contact with the infected person. Because it is a bacterial infection that can be easily transmitted from person to person. 
• Always wear a mask when closed to any person who has active TB.
• Should be careful in transport because if are living in that area were highly spread TB. Then the chance of Active TB can be increased. Therefore, always try to open the windows of the Car and the other ones.

What are treatments for Tuberculosis?

Usually, it can be cured through proper treatment. For these types of infected people, there is a course of antibiotics of six months is recommended. There are some treatments for it mentioned here.

• Active Pulmonary TB, in that condition lungs, is infected and has symptoms. Its treatment of two antibiotics is recommended. It is isoniazid and rifampicin. On the other hand, there are two additional antibiotics that can also be useful such as pyrazinamide and ethambutol. It should be taken for the first two months of the six months treatment period. Two weeks later after taking antibiotics the infected people can feel better.
• Extrapulmonary treatment is a type of lung that mostly occurs outside of the lungs. It can be cured with the same treatment of antibiotics which is recommended for Pulmonary TB.

In both conditions, the course of antibiotics should be completed. If Tuberculosis is affected the area of the brain and heart then should be used Corticosteroid and Prednisolone for a few weeks. It will be useful for reducing swelling.

• Multidrug-resistant TB usually needs a longer course of antibiotics. It may be the time period between 9 to 24 months. Its time period depends on the strain. 
• Latent TB in that condition the infection remains in the body but doesn't spread due to a strong immune system. It is not always treated but can be regularly checked and monitored whether the infection is active or not. Its treatment usually involves taking Rifampicin and Isoniazid for three months. Isoniazid can be useful on its own for a time period of six months.