Brain Tumor

Brain tumors

It is a disease of the brain. It is known as an intracranial tumor in which abnormal growth of cells is produced uncontrollably. More than 150 types of brain tumors occur today.

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What are the types of brain tumors?

There are two main groups of brain tumors classified:

• Primary brain tumors
• Metastatic brain tumor

Primary brain tumors have tumors that originate from the tissues of the brain. Primary brain tumors are divided into:

• Glial
• Non-glial
• Benign
• Malignant

On the other hand, metastatic brain tumors include tumors that can originate elsewhere in the body such as breasts or lungs. Later, it migrates into the brain through blood flow.

What are the causes of brain tumors?

When certain genes on chromosomes of cells are damaged. These genes normally control the growth of cell division. It also helps to fix the defects of other genes. An individual may be born due to which partial genes are produced which may lead to damage. Environmental factors also lead them to damage. This is the cause of tumors. The rapid growth of tumors needs more oxygen than normal. Also need more nutrients that can provide a supply of blood to the whole body. It can produce substances like angiogenesis factors. It can promote the growth of blood vessels. Tumors are dependent on these nutrients.

What are the symptoms of brain tumors?

• Headaches
• Seizures
• Convulsions
• Difficulty in thinking, speaking, or articulating
• changes in personality
• Weakness
• May be paralysis attack one side of your body
• Loss of balance
• Dizziness
• Changes in vision
• Changes in hearing
• Tingling
• Facial numbness
• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Swallowing disease
• Confusion

How brain tumors are diagnosed?

Brain tumors are diagnosed by some techniques such as:

Sophisticated imaging techniques

Computed tomography (CT or CAT scan)

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)

Positron emission tomography (PET scan)

What is the treatment of brain tumors?

Brain tumors are treated by surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy.

Surgery

It is proven that complete removal or nearly removal of brain tumors is beneficial for patients. Neurosurgeons have treated brain tumors. They open the skull by a craniotomy to make sure that the removal of brain tumors from the brain is possible.

Another process used before craniotomy is called stereotactic biopsy

Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy uses high X-rays to kill cancer cells from the brain. There are the following steps of radiation therapy. These are:

• Standard external beam radiotherapy
• Proton beam treatment
• Stereotactic radiosurgery

Chemotherapy

It is worked by inflicting cell damage that is then repaired by normal tissue than tumor tissue. It might involve tumor tissue that does not respond to drugs. A special barrier that exists between the bloodstream and brain tissue is called the blood-brain barrier. The patient receives chemotherapy with side effects of treatment.